Technology glossary in plain English

A Wi-Fi band with longer range but usually more interference and lower speed than newer higher-frequency bands.

Also searched as: 2.4G WiFi

A web-server response telling browsers and search engines that a page has permanently moved.

Also searched as: permanent redirect

A web-server response telling browsers that a page is temporarily available at another address.

Also searched as: temporary redirect

A status meaning the requested webpage or file could not be found.

Also searched as: page not found

A mobile network generation used for calls and broadband data.

Also searched as: LTE, 4G

A Wi-Fi band that usually offers higher speed and less interference over a shorter range.

Also searched as: 5G WiFi

A status meaning the website server encountered an unexpected problem.

Also searched as: HTTP 500

A newer mobile network generation designed for higher speed and lower delay.

Also searched as: 5G

A newer Wi-Fi band offering additional clear channels for compatible devices over a relatively short range.

Also searched as: 6G WiFi

The standard paper size commonly used in Australia, measuring 210 by 297 millimetres.

Also searched as: A4

An external power unit that supplies electricity to a laptop or other device.

Also searched as: power adapter, laptop charger

Rules describing permitted and prohibited use of business technology.

Also searched as: AUP

The amount of control a person or account has over a system or file.

Also searched as: permission level

A rule that controls what a person or app is allowed to view, change or use.

Also searched as: permission, access right

Mobile-network settings that tell a device how to connect to internet and messaging services.

Also searched as: APN

A setting that helps people use technology through features such as larger text, screen reading or voice control.

Also searched as: accessibility option

A profile used to sign in to a device, app or online service.

Also searched as: profile, online account

A temporary or permanent block caused by too many failed sign-in attempts or a security action.

Also searched as: locked account

The process of regaining access to an account after losing a password or sign-in method.

Also searched as: recover account

The process of copying account settings or data between approved devices.

Also searched as: profile sync

Unauthorised control of another person's online account.

Also searched as: ATO, hijacked account

Microsoft's on-premises directory service for users, computers and access control.

Also searched as: AD domain

A website used to manage users, licences, devices or service settings.

Also searched as: admin portal

A user account allowed to install software and change important device settings.

Also searched as: administrator, admin account, administrator user

Software that displays unwanted advertising and may collect information about how a device is used.

Also searched as: unwanted ads

A desktop computer with its main components built into the monitor.

Also searched as: all in one PC

Google's mobile operating system used by many phones, tablets and smart devices.

Also searched as: Android OS

Software that looks for known harmful programs and suspicious activity.

Also searched as: virus protection

A legitimate remote-access app sometimes misused by scammers.

Also searched as: AnyDesk remote access

Apple's modern file system for Macs, iPhones and iPads.

Also searched as: Apple File System

A package file used to install an Android app outside or through an app store.

Also searched as: Android app package

Settings that tell a phone how to connect to a carrier's data service.

Also searched as: mobile internet settings

A program designed to perform a particular task on a phone, tablet or computer.

Also searched as: application

A special password created for an older app that cannot use modern sign-in methods.

Also searched as: application password

A setting controlling whether an app may use features or data such as the camera, location or contacts.

Also searched as: application permission

The account used for Apple services such as iCloud, the App Store and device backups. It was previously called an Apple ID.

Also searched as: apple id, icloud account

Apple's local wireless feature for sending files between nearby Apple devices.

Also searched as: AirDrop

Apple technology that lets supported devices print without installing a separate printer driver.

Also searched as: AirPrint

Apple's service for downloading and updating approved apps.

Also searched as: App Store

Apple's service for locating, locking or erasing supported devices and items.

Also searched as: Find My iPhone

Apple's contactless payment service.

Also searched as: Apple Wallet payment

Apple's voice assistant.

Also searched as: Siri

Apple's streaming device and television platform.

Also searched as: Apple TV box

A server that runs or delivers business applications.

Also searched as: app server

A label or identifier used to track business equipment.

Also searched as: equipment tag

A file, picture or document included with an email or message.

Also searched as: email attachment

All the points where a system could potentially be accessed or attacked.

Also searched as: security exposure

A socket used for analogue headphones, speakers or microphones.

Also searched as: headphone jack, 3.5 mm jack

A record showing who performed actions and when.

Also searched as: activity log

The Australian Government centre providing cyber-security advice and reporting services.

Also searched as: ACSC

The process of proving that you are allowed to use an account or device.

Also searched as: verification, sign in security

An app that creates or approves security codes when you sign in.

Also searched as: verification app, 2fa app

A Microsoft service that helps email apps find the correct account settings automatically.

Also searched as: Outlook Autodiscover

A scanner or printer tray that feeds several pages automatically.

Also searched as: ADF, document feeder

A message sent automatically in response to incoming email.

Also searched as: auto reply

An app that continues running even when its main window is not open.

Also searched as: background process

A second copy of important files stored somewhere separate from the original device.

Also searched as: copy of files, data backup

Rules describing what is backed up, how often and how long copies are kept.

Also searched as: data backup policy

The length of time older backup copies are kept.

Also searched as: retention period

The amount of data an internet or network connection can carry at one time.

Also searched as: internet capacity

A way to send an email copy without showing that recipient’s address to the other recipients.

Also searched as: blind carbon copy

Signing in with a fingerprint, face scan or another physical feature.

Also searched as: biometric authentication, biometric login

Older motherboard firmware that starts hardware and passes control to the operating system.

Also searched as: Basic Input Output System

Microsoft's drive encryption feature for supported Windows editions.

Also searched as: Windows drive encryption

A Windows stop error shown when the operating system encounters a serious problem.

Also searched as: BSOD, blue screen of death

A short-range wireless connection used for devices such as headphones, keyboards and speakers.

Also searched as: wireless pairing

Hardware that adds or provides Bluetooth connectivity.

Also searched as: Bluetooth dongle

Connecting Bluetooth devices and approving them to communicate.

Also searched as: pair Bluetooth

A saved shortcut to a webpage in a browser.

Also searched as: favourite, favorite

A firmware setting that decides which drive or device the computer tries to start from first.

Also searched as: startup order

A group of compromised devices remotely controlled together by an attacker.

Also searched as: zombie network

An email returned because it could not be delivered.

Also searched as: email bounce

A policy allowing workers to use personal devices for business work.

Also searched as: BYOD

A general term for a high-speed internet connection.

Also searched as: high-speed internet

The program used to open websites, such as Chrome, Edge, Firefox or Safari.

Also searched as: web browser, chrome, edge, safari, firefox

The field in a browser where a web address or search can be entered.

Also searched as: URL bar

A browser feature that fills saved names, addresses, passwords or payment details into forms.

Also searched as: autofill

The browser area that shows current and completed downloads.

Also searched as: downloads list

A small add-on that gives a web browser extra features.

Also searched as: extension, browser add-on, add-on

A list of webpages previously opened in a browser.

Also searched as: internet history

Unwanted browser notifications used to display fake warnings, ads or scam links.

Also searched as: malicious notification

An older type of component used to add specialised browser capability.

Also searched as: plugin

A warning from a browser that a website, download or connection may be unsafe.

Also searched as: unsafe site warning

One open webpage inside a browser. Several tabs can be open at the same time.

Also searched as: tab

A record of webpages visited in a browser.

Also searched as: web history

Repeated attempts to guess a password or code by trying many combinations.

Also searched as: password guessing attack

Planning that helps a business continue essential work during disruption.

Also searched as: BCP

An email address using a business’s own domain name, such as support@socialblade.com.au.

Also searched as: professional email, custom email

Fraud using a business email account or convincing impersonation to request payments or sensitive information.

Also searched as: BEC

A basic unit of digital storage, usually representing one character of simple text.

Also searched as: B

Temporary saved information that can make websites and programs load faster.

Also searched as: temporary files

An Outlook feature that stores a local copy of Microsoft Exchange email for faster access and offline use.

Also searched as: offline Outlook cache

A message requesting someone to attend an event or meeting.

Also searched as: meeting invite, calendar invite

Making a phone call appear to come from a different number or organisation.

Also searched as: spoofed phone number

A privacy setting controlling whether an app or website can use the camera.

Also searched as: webcam access

The preferred official address for a page when similar or duplicate URLs exist.

Also searched as: canonical link

A check used by a website to confirm that a real person, rather than an automated program, is using it.

Also searched as: i am not a robot

An internet-provider system where several customers share public internet addresses, which can restrict incoming connections.

Also searched as: CGNAT

A common Ethernet cable type suitable for gigabit networking over normal lengths.

Also searched as: Category 5e

An Ethernet cable type designed for improved performance and reduced interference.

Also searched as: Category 6

An Ethernet cable type designed to support ten-gigabit networking over longer standard runs.

Also searched as: Category 6A

A way to send a visible copy of an email to another recipient.

Also searched as: carbon copy

The main chip that carries out instructions and calculations in a computer.

Also searched as: CPU, processor

A scam where someone impersonates a manager or owner to pressure staff into sending money or data.

Also searched as: executive impersonation scam

A browser warning that a site's identity or encrypted connection cannot be trusted normally.

Also searched as: privacy error, SSL warning

A formal request to alter a system, service or configuration.

Also searched as: IT change

A calculated value used to check whether a file has changed or been damaged.

Also searched as: file hash

An account managed by a parent or guardian with age and safety controls.

Also searched as: family child account

Google's operating system used mainly on Chromebooks.

Also searched as: Chrome OS

The traditional Windows desktop version of Microsoft Outlook.

Also searched as: Outlook desktop, old Outlook

Temporary storage used when you copy or cut text, pictures or files before pasting them.

Also searched as: copy and paste

A feature that keeps a list of recently copied text or images for reuse.

Also searched as: Windows clipboard history

A backup stored through an internet service away from the original device.

Also searched as: online backup

Using computing, storage or software services delivered from remote data centres.

Also searched as: the cloud

Files stored through an internet service so they can be accessed from approved devices.

Also searched as: online storage

A small motherboard battery that keeps time and firmware settings when the computer is unplugged.

Also searched as: motherboard battery, coin cell

Software that helps people communicate, share files and work together.

Also searched as: team workspace

A Windows text-based tool for running commands.

Also searched as: CMD, command line

A Windows setting that helps some older programs run as though they were on an earlier Windows version.

Also searched as: run in compatibility mode

An account that another person may have accessed or controlled without permission.

Also searched as: hacked account

An electronic device that runs programs and stores or processes information.

Also searched as: pc

A rechargeable power source that lets a portable device run without being plugged in.

Also searched as: laptop battery

The process a device follows when turning on and loading its operating system.

Also searched as: boot up, startup

The enclosure that holds and protects desktop computer components.

Also searched as: PC case, tower case

Headphones combined with a microphone for calls, meetings or audio.

Also searched as: headphones with microphone

A device with keys used to type and control a computer.

Also searched as: keyboard

A separate screen used to show a computer's visual output.

Also searched as: display, screen

A pointing device used to move the cursor and select items.

Also searched as: mouse

A condition where a device becomes too hot and may slow down, shut off or suffer damage.

Also searched as: overheat

An external or connected device such as a keyboard, printer, monitor or scanner.

Also searched as: peripheral device

The component that converts wall power into the voltages used by a desktop computer.

Also searched as: PSU, power supply unit

A device that produces paper copies of documents or images.

Also searched as: printer device

A running instance of a program or part of a program.

Also searched as: process

Software that performs a task on a computer.

Also searched as: program, software program, desktop program

A computer or online system that provides files, apps, email or other services to users and devices.

Also searched as: server, business server

A type of harmful program that can copy itself or spread to other files or devices.

Also searched as: virus

Malware that can copy itself and spread between systems or networks.

Also searched as: worm malware

A setting controlling whether an app can read or change saved contacts.

Also searched as: address-book access

A distributed network that serves website files from locations closer to visitors.

Also searched as: CDN

An older Windows area containing many system and device settings.

Also searched as: Windows Control Panel

A small piece of information a website stores in a browser to remember settings, sign-ins or activity.

Also searched as: website cookie

A fan that moves air to reduce heat inside a device.

Also searched as: computer fan

Creating another copy while leaving the original in place.

Also searched as: make a copy

A file whose data is damaged or incomplete and may not open correctly.

Also searched as: damaged file

When a program or device stops working unexpectedly and closes or restarts.

Also searched as: program closed, stopped working

A Windows tool that stores saved usernames, passwords and network sign-in details.

Also searched as: Windows Credential Manager

Automated sign-in attempts using usernames and passwords stolen from other services.

Also searched as: reused password attack

Fraud involving fake investments, wallets, exchanges or requests for cryptocurrency payment.

Also searched as: crypto scam

The language used to control the appearance and layout of webpages.

Also searched as: Cascading Style Sheets

A plain-text table format where values are separated by commas or another delimiter.

Also searched as: comma separated values

Moving selected text or files by placing them on the clipboard and pasting elsewhere.

Also searched as: cut file

Something that could harm a device, account, network or data.

Also searched as: threat

Protecting devices, accounts, networks and data from misuse or attack.

Also searched as: computer security, online security

A display theme that uses darker backgrounds and lighter text.

Also searched as: dark theme

The amount of data included in an internet or mobile plan before restrictions or extra charges may apply.

Also searched as: data cap, monthly data

An incident where private or protected information is accessed, exposed or stolen.

Also searched as: security breach involving data

Information becoming exposed, often through a mistake, poor security or unauthorised access.

Also searched as: information leak

When information becomes unavailable because it was deleted, damaged, overwritten or inaccessible.

Also searched as: lost files

Attempting to retrieve data that was deleted, lost or stored on damaged media.

Also searched as: recover deleted files

Rules describing how long information is kept and when it is deleted.

Also searched as: retention policy

The principle that data may be subject to laws based on where it is stored or processed.

Also searched as: data residency law

Moving or copying data from one device, service or location to another.

Also searched as: file transfer

A separate graphics component with its own processor and usually its own memory.

Also searched as: discrete graphics, graphics card

The app automatically used for a task such as opening links, photos or email.

Also searched as: default program

The printer a computer automatically selects unless another printer is chosen.

Also searched as: main printer

A Windows command-line tool used to repair or manage the Windows system image.

Also searched as: DISM

The main screen shown after signing in to a computer, usually containing icons and the taskbar.

Also searched as: home screen

A computer designed to stay on a desk and use a separate monitor, keyboard and mouse.

Also searched as: desktop PC, tower computer

A link on the desktop that opens an app, file, folder or website.

Also searched as: shortcut icon

A piece of technology such as a computer, phone, tablet, printer or smart TV.

Also searched as: equipment

Software that lets an operating system communicate with hardware such as a printer, graphics card or Wi-Fi adapter.

Also searched as: driver, hardware driver

Disconnecting a device from networks to reduce further access or spread while a problem is investigated.

Also searched as: isolate computer

A Windows tool that lists hardware and can show driver or device problems.

Also searched as: windows device manager

A code identifying a product design or version shared by similar devices.

Also searched as: model, product model

Creating a trusted connection between compatible devices.

Also searched as: pair device

A unique identifier assigned to a particular device.

Also searched as: serial, S/N

The space used to keep files, apps and the operating system on a device.

Also searched as: storage, disk space

A temporary assignment of an IP address to a device.

Also searched as: IP lease

A backup that copies data changed since the last full backup.

Also searched as: differential copy

A digital record used to prove the identity of a website or system and support encrypted connections.

Also searched as: security certificate

Another name for a folder in a file system.

Also searched as: folder directory

Plans and systems for restoring technology and data after a major failure or incident.

Also searched as: DR

A digital connection used mainly for computer monitors and video.

Also searched as: DP

An address that sends one email to a defined group of recipients.

Also searched as: distribution group, email group

A policy that tells receiving mail systems how to handle messages that fail SPF or DKIM checks.

Also searched as: Domain-based Message Authentication Reporting and Conformance

The internet system that translates website names into the numerical addresses computers use.

Also searched as: domain name system

A server that converts domain names into network addresses.

Also searched as: name server

A device that connects a laptop to several monitors, network cables and accessories through one main connection.

Also searched as: laptop dock

A file containing written information, such as a letter, form or report.

Also searched as: document file

A server that runs Active Directory authentication and policy services.

Also searched as: DC server

The readable address of a website, such as socialblade.com.au.

Also searched as: website name

Using a fake or confusingly similar domain name to impersonate a trusted organisation.

Also searched as: lookalike domain

An email security method that adds a digital signature so receiving systems can verify the sending domain.

Also searched as: DKIM

A measure of print or scan detail based on dots or pixels per inch.

Also searched as: DPI

To copy information from the internet or another device onto your device.

Also searched as: download file

How quickly data travels from the internet to a device.

Also searched as: internet download rate

The folder where files downloaded from the internet are usually saved.

Also searched as: download folder

The email folder containing unfinished messages saved for later.

Also searched as: email drafts

The Windows letter assigned to a storage volume, such as C: or D:.

Also searched as: C drive, D drive

A defined section of a storage drive that the operating system can manage separately.

Also searched as: partition

A download that starts or is triggered through a webpage without clear informed consent.

Also searched as: automatic malicious download

Printing automatically on both sides of the paper.

Also searched as: double-sided printing

An extra copy of the same file that may use unnecessary storage.

Also searched as: duplicate copy

Dust collecting inside equipment and reducing airflow or cooling.

Also searched as: dust inside computer

A network service that automatically gives devices IP addresses and related settings.

Also searched as: DHCP

An IP address assigned automatically and allowed to change.

Also searched as: changing IP

A sudden static-electricity discharge that can damage sensitive electronic parts.

Also searched as: ESD, static electricity damage

The address used to send and receive email, such as name@example.com.

Also searched as: email

An additional email address that delivers messages to an existing mailbox.

Also searched as: alternate email

A program used to read and send email, such as Outlook, Apple Mail or Thunderbird.

Also searched as: email client, mail app

A notice that an email could not reach its destination.

Also searched as: undeliverable email

A rule or system that sorts messages or identifies unwanted email.

Also searched as: mail filter

A setting that automatically sends received email to another address.

Also searched as: forwarding address

Moving email, calendars or contacts from one system to another.

Also searched as: mail migration

A regular email update sent to a list of subscribers.

Also searched as: newsletter email

An instruction that automatically moves, flags, forwards or handles email.

Also searched as: mail rule, inbox rule

Text automatically added to outgoing emails, often containing contact details.

Also searched as: signature block

Making an email appear to come from a different sender address.

Also searched as: forged sender address

The short title describing an email message.

Also searched as: subject

Keeping messages, folders and status matched between an email server and devices.

Also searched as: email sync

A group of related messages shown together as one conversation.

Also searched as: conversation view

A way of scrambling information so it can only be read with the correct key or authorised access.

Also searched as: encrypted

Encryption protecting data while it is stored on a device or service.

Also searched as: stored data encryption

Encryption protecting data while it travels between systems.

Also searched as: transport encryption

The date after which a product no longer receives normal updates or official support.

Also searched as: end of life, EOL

Encryption designed so only the communicating users can read the content.

Also searched as: E2EE

Business security software that monitors endpoint activity and helps detect and respond to threats.

Also searched as: EDR

Tools and processes used to configure, update and protect business devices.

Also searched as: device management

Security software and controls used to protect laptops, desktops, phones and servers.

Also searched as: endpoint security

A message explaining that something could not be completed or did not work as expected.

Also searched as: error code

A digital SIM stored inside a compatible device.

Also searched as: embedded SIM

A wired network connection, usually using a cable between a device and a router or network switch.

Also searched as: wired Ethernet, Ethernet networking

A socket used for a wired network cable.

Also searched as: LAN port, RJ45 port

A spreadsheet file commonly created by Microsoft Excel.

Also searched as: XLSX, spreadsheet file

Microsoft's cloud email and calendar service within many Microsoft 365 plans.

Also searched as: Microsoft hosted Exchange

A file that can run a Windows program or installer.

Also searched as: EXE, program file

A file system commonly used on removable drives that need to work with several operating systems.

Also searched as: Extended File Allocation Table

A circuit board added to a computer to provide extra features or ports.

Also searched as: add-in card

A storage device connected outside the computer, usually by USB, for files or backups.

Also searched as: external storage device

A storage drive in a separate case that connects by cable, usually USB.

Also searched as: portable hard drive, external HDD

Taking files out of a compressed archive such as a ZIP file.

Also searched as: unzip, decompress

Apple's facial recognition system used to unlock a device and approve actions.

Also searched as: Apple face recognition

A reset that removes settings and may erase data, returning a device close to its original state.

Also searched as: erase device, reset device

An unsuccessful attempt to access an account.

Also searched as: failed login

A fraudulent warning designed to scare someone into calling, paying or installing software.

Also searched as: fake antivirus warning

A group of linked accounts used to share purchases, subscriptions or parental controls.

Also searched as: Microsoft Family, Apple Family Sharing

An older file system with broad compatibility but a four-gigabyte limit for individual files.

Also searched as: File Allocation Table 32

The small icon shown beside a website name in browser tabs and bookmarks.

Also searched as: website icon

A large operating-system update that adds features or changes a version.

Also searched as: major Windows update

An NBN connection using fibre to a building communications area and existing wiring to individual units.

Also searched as: FTTB

An NBN connection using fibre close to the property and copper for the final short section.

Also searched as: FTTC

An NBN connection using fibre to a street cabinet and existing copper for the final section.

Also searched as: FTTN

An NBN connection where fibre runs to the property.

Also searched as: FTTP, fibre to home

A saved item on a device, such as a document, photo, video or program.

Also searched as: computer file

A setting that chooses which app opens a particular file type.

Also searched as: default file app

Reducing file size by storing data more efficiently.

Also searched as: compress files

The Windows program used to browse files, folders and connected drives.

Also searched as: windows explorer

The letters at the end of a filename that indicate its type, such as .pdf, .jpg or .docx.

Also searched as: filename extension

The name used to identify a file within a folder.

Also searched as: filename

The written location of a file or folder on a device or network.

Also searched as: path, folder path

A server that stores and shares files over a network.

Also searched as: business file server

A small link that opens another file, folder, app or location.

Also searched as: shortcut file

Keeping selected files matched across devices or cloud storage.

Also searched as: file sync

The method an operating system uses to organise and track files on storage.

Also searched as: disk format

An older method for transferring files over a network without built-in encryption.

Also searched as: FTP

The kind of data stored in a file, often shown by its extension.

Also searched as: file format

A form control used to select and send a file to a website.

Also searched as: upload button

Apple's full-drive encryption feature for Mac computers.

Also searched as: Mac drive encryption

Security software or equipment that controls network traffic and blocks some unwanted connections.

Also searched as: network protection

Software built into a device such as a router, printer or smart TV that controls its basic operation.

Also searched as: device software

An update to the built-in software stored inside hardware such as a router, printer or computer motherboard.

Also searched as: device firmware update

An internet connection delivered by radio between a fixed antenna and a nearby tower.

Also searched as: NBN fixed wireless

A scanner with a glass surface where a document is placed.

Also searched as: scanner bed

A container used to organise files on a device or cloud service.

Also searched as: file folder

Closing a program that is frozen or not responding.

Also searched as: end task, force close

To prepare a storage device for use. Formatting can erase all files on it.

Also searched as: erase drive, format usb

Sending a received email to another recipient.

Also searched as: forward message

Storage capacity that is not currently being used.

Also searched as: available space, free disk space

When a program or device stops responding to clicks, typing or touch.

Also searched as: not responding, stuck

A security scan intended to check all accessible files and common system areas.

Also searched as: full scan

A backup that copies all selected data each time it runs.

Also searched as: complete backup

An image format often used for simple graphics or short animations.

Also searched as: GIF file

A scam that pressures someone to buy gift cards and provide the codes as payment.

Also searched as: voucher scam

About one billion bytes, commonly used for apps, storage and data plans.

Also searched as: GB

Google's voice assistant used on supported devices.

Also searched as: Google voice assistant

Google's service for backing up supported Android settings and app data.

Also searched as: Android backup

Google hardware or technology used to stream or cast media to a screen.

Also searched as: Chromecast

Google’s online service for storing, sharing and editing files.

Also searched as: google cloud storage

Google's service for locating, locking or erasing supported Android devices.

Also searched as: Android Find My Device

Google's service for downloading and updating Android apps.

Also searched as: Play Store

Google's service for monitoring how a website appears and performs in Google Search.

Also searched as: Search Console

Google's app and service for contactless payments and digital passes.

Also searched as: Google Pay wallet

A chip that creates images and can accelerate graphics, video and some calculations.

Also searched as: GPU, graphics processor

Windows domain settings used to configure users and computers centrally.

Also searched as: GPO

A limited account intended for temporary use by another person.

Also searched as: guest user

A separate Wi-Fi network intended for visitors or untrusted devices.

Also searched as: guest WiFi

A storage drive that uses spinning magnetic disks.

Also searched as: HDD, mechanical hard drive

The physical parts of technology, such as the screen, keyboard, hard drive or printer.

Also searched as: computer parts

A physical component problem that prevents a device from working correctly.

Also searched as: failed component

A physical connection point for a cable or device.

Also searched as: connector, socket

A small physical device used to approve secure sign-ins.

Also searched as: security key, FIDO key

A digital cable connection used for video and audio between devices.

Also searched as: High Definition Multimedia Interface

A feature that lets HDMI-connected devices control certain functions of each other.

Also searched as: Consumer Electronics Control

A metal component that draws heat away from a processor or other chip.

Also searched as: heatsink

A compact photo format commonly used by iPhones and iPads.

Also searched as: HEIF, Apple photo format

A team or service that receives and manages user support requests.

Also searched as: IT helpdesk

A file or folder not normally displayed because it is marked as hidden.

Also searched as: hidden folder

A design intended to keep a service running with minimal downtime.

Also searched as: HA

The name used to identify a device on a network.

Also searched as: computer name, device name

The markup language used to structure content on webpages.

Also searched as: HyperText Markup Language

The page name shown in the browser tab and often used as the search-result title.

Also searched as: title tag

A basic method browsers use to communicate with websites. It does not provide the encrypted protection of HTTPS.

Also searched as: website protocol

A status code meaning a web request succeeded.

Also searched as: 200 OK

A number returned by a web server describing the result of a request.

Also searched as: web status code

A protected website connection that encrypts information between the browser and website.

Also searched as: secure website, padlock

An NBN connection using fibre and existing coaxial cable infrastructure.

Also searched as: HFC, cable NBN

Clickable text or an image that opens another location.

Also searched as: web link, clickable link

Software that creates and manages virtual machines.

Also searched as: virtualisation host

Apple’s online service for syncing and backing up information such as photos, files and device settings.

Also searched as: apple cloud

Apple's service for backing up supported iPhone and iPad data to iCloud.

Also searched as: Apple cloud backup

A free Australian and New Zealand service that helps people respond to identity and cyber incidents.

Also searched as: identity support Australia

A service that verifies a person's identity and provides sign-in access to other systems.

Also searched as: IdP

When someone uses another person’s personal information to pretend to be them or commit fraud.

Also searched as: identity fraud

An email connection method that keeps messages and folders synchronised across several devices.

Also searched as: incoming mail settings

The main folder where newly received email messages usually appear.

Also searched as: received mail

The planned process for identifying, containing and recovering from a security incident.

Also searched as: security response

A backup that copies only data changed since the previous backup of any type.

Also searched as: incremental copy

Protecting information from unauthorised access, change, loss or disclosure.

Also searched as: InfoSec

A cloud service providing virtual servers, storage and networking.

Also searched as: IaaS

A replaceable container that holds ink for an inkjet printer.

Also searched as: printer ink

A printer that sprays liquid ink onto paper, commonly used in homes.

Also searched as: ink printer

To add a program, app, update or device so it can be used.

Also searched as: setup software

Graphics built into the processor or motherboard and sharing some system memory.

Also searched as: onboard graphics

A network protocol used for status and error messages, including many ping tests.

Also searched as: ICMP

A physical device connected to a network for monitoring, control or automation.

Also searched as: IoT device, connected device

A period when an internet connection is unavailable.

Also searched as: internet down

A paid service that connects a home, business or mobile device to the internet.

Also searched as: internet connection

The company that supplies your internet service.

Also searched as: isp, internet provider

A test that measures connection speed and usually latency.

Also searched as: broadband speed test

Sharing a mobile device's internet connection through USB, Bluetooth or Wi-Fi.

Also searched as: USB tethering, Bluetooth tethering

A fraudulent opportunity promising returns or pressuring someone to transfer money.

Also searched as: fake investment

A scam using a fake or altered invoice to direct payment to the wrong bank account.

Also searched as: payment redirection scam

Apple's operating system for iPhones.

Also searched as: iPhone operating system

A number used to identify a device on a network.

Also searched as: internet protocol address

Apple's tablet product line.

Also searched as: Apple tablet

Apple's operating system for iPads.

Also searched as: iPad operating system

Apple's smartphone product line.

Also searched as: Apple phone

The older and still widely used internet-address format, written as four groups of numbers.

Also searched as: Internet Protocol version 4

A newer internet-address format created to support far more unique addresses.

Also searched as: Internet Protocol version 6

A single file containing a copy of a disc or install media.

Also searched as: disc image, ISO file

A maintained record of business technology equipment and ownership details.

Also searched as: asset list

A structured review of technology, controls, risks and records.

Also searched as: technology audit

A professional who advises on technology choices, planning and improvements.

Also searched as: technology consultant

Written information describing systems, settings, procedures or support details.

Also searched as: technical documentation

An unplanned interruption or reduction in an IT service.

Also searched as: support incident

A list of hardware, software, accounts or licences used by an organisation.

Also searched as: technology inventory

The underlying cause of one or more repeated incidents.

Also searched as: problem record

The process of selecting and buying technology products or services.

Also searched as: technology purchasing

A plan covering tasks, timing, responsibilities and risks for technology work.

Also searched as: technology project plan

Extra components or services kept so a failure does not immediately stop everything.

Also searched as: redundant system

Help with computers, networks, accounts, software and related technology.

Also searched as: technical support

A programming language used to add behaviour and interactivity to webpages.

Also searched as: JS

A common compressed photo format.

Also searched as: JPG, JPEG file

The email folder where suspected unwanted or dangerous messages are placed.

Also searched as: spam folder, junk mail

Software or hardware that records keys typed on a device.

Also searched as: keystroke logger

About one thousand bytes of data.

Also searched as: KB storage, kilobyte storage

A collection of support articles, instructions and known solutions.

Also searched as: support knowledge base, help articles

A device that lets one keyboard, monitor and mouse control multiple computers.

Also searched as: keyboard video mouse switch

A portable computer with a built-in screen, keyboard and battery.

Also searched as: notebook computer

A printer that uses toner powder and is often suited to higher-volume printing.

Also searched as: toner printer

Giving users and apps only the access needed to perform their work.

Also searched as: minimum access

Older sign-in methods that usually rely directly on usernames and passwords and may not support MFA.

Also searched as: basic authentication

Linking a software subscription licence to a user account.

Also searched as: assign licence

One allocation of a software licence for a user or device.

Also searched as: software seat

A family of operating systems commonly used on servers and some personal computers.

Also searched as: Linux operating system

Damage caused when liquid reaches electronic components.

Also searched as: water damage, spill damage

An account stored on one computer rather than connected to an online account provider.

Also searched as: offline account, Windows local account

A network connecting devices within a home, office or other limited area.

Also searched as: LAN

A backup stored on nearby equipment such as an external drive or local server.

Also searched as: onsite backup

Improving visibility for searches connected to a particular area or local service.

Also searched as: local search optimisation

Device features and permissions used by apps to determine location.

Also searched as: GPS access, location permission

A small motherboard connector used for certain SSDs and wireless cards.

Also searched as: M2 slot

A hardware identifier used by a network adapter on a local network.

Also searched as: hardware address, physical address

Apple's operating system for Mac computers.

Also searched as: Mac operating system

A system that sends, receives or stores email.

Also searched as: email server

A separate email storage area used to keep older messages.

Also searched as: online archive

The maximum amount of email storage allowed for a mailbox.

Also searched as: mailbox limit

A group address or service used to send email to many subscribed people.

Also searched as: email list

Online advertising used to deliver scams, harmful downloads or misleading redirects.

Also searched as: malicious advertising

Unwanted or harmful software that may damage a device, show unwanted ads or steal information.

Also searched as: malicious software

A network switch with configurable features such as VLANs, monitoring and traffic controls.

Also searched as: managed switch

A company that provides ongoing outsourced IT management and support.

Also searched as: MSP

Fraud involving fake buyers, sellers, payments or delivery on an online marketplace.

Also searched as: buy and sell scam

About one million bytes, commonly used for photos and small files.

Also searched as: MB

Short-term working space used by a computer while programs are open. More RAM can help with running several tasks at once.

Also searched as: ram, computer memory

A Wi-Fi system that uses several connected units to improve coverage across a larger area.

Also searched as: mesh network, wifi mesh

A short page description that search engines may use in search results.

Also searched as: search description

Repeated sign-in approval prompts intended to pressure someone into approving a fraudulent login.

Also searched as: authentication fatigue, push bombing

A privacy setting controlling whether an app or website can use the microphone.

Also searched as: mic access

A very small removable memory card used in phones, cameras and other devices.

Also searched as: micro SD

Microsoft subscription services that can include Office apps, email, Teams and cloud storage.

Also searched as: office 365

The web portal used to manage Microsoft 365 users, licences and services.

Also searched as: M365 admin centre

A separate Microsoft cloud environment belonging to one organisation.

Also searched as: tenant

An account used for Microsoft services such as Windows, Outlook, OneDrive and Microsoft 365.

Also searched as: outlook account, hotmail account

Microsoft's cloud identity and access service, formerly called Azure Active Directory.

Also searched as: Entra ID, Azure AD

Microsoft's spreadsheet application.

Also searched as: Excel

Microsoft's cloud service for managing devices, apps and security policies.

Also searched as: Intune

Microsoft's digital note-taking application.

Also searched as: OneNote

Microsoft's presentation application.

Also searched as: PowerPoint

A Windows remote-support tool that can let another person view or control the computer with permission.

Also searched as: Quick Assist

A Microsoft 365 service for team sites, documents and internal information.

Also searched as: SharePoint

A Microsoft service for chat, meetings, calling and workplace collaboration.

Also searched as: teams

Microsoft's operating system for many desktop and laptop computers.

Also searched as: Windows OS

Microsoft's document-writing application.

Also searched as: Word

A compact desktop computer designed to use less space.

Also searched as: small form factor PC

Internet access delivered through a mobile network using a SIM or eSIM.

Also searched as: 4G internet, 5G internet

A company that provides mobile phone and data service.

Also searched as: mobile provider, telco

Internet access provided through a mobile phone network.

Also searched as: cellular data

A saved copy of device data and settings used for recovery or transfer.

Also searched as: phone backup, tablet backup

Business software used to configure and protect phones, tablets and sometimes computers.

Also searched as: MDM

A phone or mobile device sharing its internet connection with other devices over Wi-Fi.

Also searched as: phone hotspot, personal hotspot

Using a mobile service through another network, often while travelling.

Also searched as: data roaming

An operating-system update for a phone or tablet.

Also searched as: phone update, system update

An app that stores supported payment cards, tickets or passes.

Also searched as: digital wallet

A device that connects your home or office equipment to the internet service.

Also searched as: internet box

Newer token-based sign-in used by Microsoft and other services instead of sending a password directly to an app.

Also searched as: OAuth sign-in

Printing without colour.

Also searched as: black-and-white printing

A standard that helps Android and other devices print to compatible printers.

Also searched as: Mopria

The main circuit board that connects a computer's processor, memory, storage and other components.

Also searched as: mainboard, system board

A video format commonly created by Apple devices and some cameras.

Also searched as: QuickTime movie

Changing a file's location without keeping the original in its old place.

Also searched as: relocate file

A common compressed audio format.

Also searched as: MP3 file

A common video file format supported by many devices and websites.

Also searched as: MP4 file

A Windows installation package managed by the Windows Installer service.

Also searched as: Windows Installer package

A sign-in method that requires two or more different types of proof.

Also searched as: MFA, multi factor authentication

A device combining printing with scanning and sometimes copying or faxing.

Also searched as: MFP, all-in-one printer

A DNS record that directs incoming email for a domain to the correct mail server.

Also searched as: mail exchanger record

Australia’s National Broadband Network, which carries internet services using several connection types.

Also searched as: national broadband network

The NBN-supplied device used for some connection types before your router.

Also searched as: NBN connection box, NBN box

The NBN-installed device that connects certain property types to the NBN network.

Also searched as: NBN NTD, network termination device for NBN

A retail internet package using the Australian NBN network.

Also searched as: internet plan, NBN speed tier

Very short-range wireless technology used for contactless payments and device interactions.

Also searched as: NFC

A group of connected devices that can communicate with each other.

Also searched as: home network, office network

A router function that lets several private devices share one public internet address.

Also searched as: NAT

A cable used to connect devices to a wired network.

Also searched as: Ethernet cable, LAN cable

A working link between a device and another device, a local network or the internet.

Also searched as: connection, connected

A device connected to a business network, such as a laptop, desktop, phone or server.

Also searched as: endpoint, work device

The device or address that sends traffic from a local network to other networks, usually the router.

Also searched as: gateway, default gateway

Hardware that connects a device to a wired or wireless network.

Also searched as: NIC, network card

Variation in network delay that can affect calls, games and live video.

Also searched as: jitter

The time taken for data to travel to a destination and back.

Also searched as: delay, ping time

A period when a local or provider network is unavailable.

Also searched as: network down

A small unit of data sent across a network.

Also searched as: packet

A printer connected to a network so several devices can use it.

Also searched as: shared printer

A set of rules devices use to communicate.

Also searched as: protocol

A folder, printer or resource made available to other devices on a network.

Also searched as: shared network location

A smaller logical section of a network.

Also searched as: subnetwork

A device that adds more wired network ports so several devices can connect by Ethernet.

Also searched as: ethernet switch

Provider equipment that ends the external network connection at a property.

Also searched as: provider termination device

A storage device connected to a network for shared files and backups.

Also searched as: NAS

Microsoft's newer Outlook app for Windows based more closely on the web version.

Also searched as: new Outlook

The main Windows file system used on internal drives.

Also searched as: New Technology File System

A fast solid-state drive that communicates through a high-speed PCIe connection.

Also searched as: NVMe SSD

A method that lets an app access an account or service using approved tokens instead of receiving the account password.

Also searched as: Open Authorization

Not currently connected to the internet, network or required service.

Also searched as: disconnected

A backup stored at a different physical location from the original data.

Also searched as: remote backup

A code that works once or for a short time as part of signing in.

Also searched as: OTP, one time code

Microsoft’s cloud storage service for files, photos and backups.

Also searched as: microsoft cloud storage

Connected to the internet or an online service.

Also searched as: internet connected

Fields on a webpage used to collect and submit information.

Also searched as: web form

Page information used by many social platforms when a link is shared.

Also searched as: OG tags

The main software that runs a device, such as Windows, macOS, Android or iOS.

Also searched as: OS, system software

The core part of an operating system that manages hardware, memory and running programs.

Also searched as: kernel

Software that turns text in an image or scan into searchable or editable text.

Also searched as: OCR

A drive that reads or writes discs using a laser.

Also searched as: CD drive, DVD drive

The company that originally makes a device or component, or software supplied for that hardware.

Also searched as: OEM

An automatic email response explaining that a person is unavailable.

Also searched as: OOO, away message

The email folder where messages wait before they are successfully sent.

Also searched as: queued email

A Windows configuration that tells Outlook which accounts and data files to use.

Also searched as: mail profile

A local Outlook data file containing a synchronised copy of server mailbox data.

Also searched as: OST

A local Outlook file used to store or export email, contacts and calendar information.

Also searched as: PST, Outlook data file

Microsoft's free consumer email service.

Also searched as: Hotmail, Live email

When some information sent across a network does not arrive, which can cause dropouts or poor calls.

Also searched as: internet dropouts

Paper becoming stuck in the printer's feed path.

Also searched as: jammed printer

A fake message about a delivery intended to steal money, sign-in details or personal information.

Also searched as: delivery text scam

A newer sign-in method that uses your device, fingerprint, face or PIN instead of a traditional password.

Also searched as: passwordless

A password made from several words, usually easier to remember and harder to guess than a short password.

Also searched as: long password

A secret word or set of characters used to protect an account.

Also searched as: login password

A browser or password-manager feature that fills stored sign-in details.

Also searched as: saved password fill

A protected app that stores and can create strong passwords for you.

Also searched as: password vault

Rules that define password length, complexity, reuse and expiry for an organisation.

Also searched as: password rules

The process of replacing a forgotten or compromised password.

Also searched as: reset password

Using the same password on more than one account, which increases risk if one service is breached.

Also searched as: reused password

Trying a small number of common passwords across many accounts.

Also searched as: spray attack

A high-speed internal connection used for graphics cards, storage and expansion cards.

Also searched as: PCIe

A file format designed to keep a document’s layout consistent across different devices.

Also searched as: portable document format

Removing a file without sending it to the normal recycle or trash folder.

Also searched as: delete forever

A short-range network around one person, often using Bluetooth.

Also searched as: PAN

Information that identifies a person or can reasonably be linked to them.

Also searched as: personal data

A fake message or website designed to trick someone into revealing passwords, money or personal information.

Also searched as: fake email, fake login

A digital image stored on a phone, computer, camera or cloud service.

Also searched as: picture file, image

A short number used to unlock a device or approve an action. A device PIN is not always the same as an account password.

Also searched as: personal identification number

A test that checks whether another network device responds and measures round-trip delay.

Also searched as: ping test

A cloud service providing a managed platform for building and running applications.

Also searched as: PaaS

An image format that supports sharp graphics and transparent backgrounds.

Also searched as: PNG file

A small window or message that appears over a webpage or program. Some are legitimate and some are scams or advertising.

Also searched as: popup

A browser feature that prevents many websites from opening extra windows or tabs automatically.

Also searched as: block popups

A webpage or alert that falsely claims a device is infected or an account is at risk.

Also searched as: fake virus pop-up

An older email connection method that commonly downloads messages to one device and may not fully synchronise folders.

Also searched as: pop email

A router rule that sends selected incoming internet traffic to a particular device on the local network.

Also searched as: forward a port

Technology that carries electrical power and network data through the same Ethernet cable.

Also searched as: PoE

A device that carries network data through a building's electrical wiring.

Also searched as: Ethernet over power

A presentation file commonly created by Microsoft PowerPoint.

Also searched as: PPTX, slide deck

A Microsoft command-line and scripting tool used for administration and automation.

Also searched as: Windows PowerShell

The component in many inkjet printers that places ink onto paper.

Also searched as: printer head

The selected paper dimensions for a document, such as A4.

Also searched as: paper size

The sharpness, colour and consistency of printed output.

Also searched as: printing quality

The list of documents waiting to be printed.

Also searched as: printer queue, stuck print job

A server or device that manages shared printers and print jobs.

Also searched as: printer server

The Windows service that manages print jobs waiting to be sent to a printer.

Also searched as: printer spooler

A process that adjusts print alignment, colour or quality.

Also searched as: align printer

Software that allows a computer to communicate with a printer.

Also searched as: printer software

The network address used to find and communicate with a printer.

Also searched as: printer network address

A printer test used to see whether ink nozzles are blocked or missing lines.

Also searched as: print nozzle test

A status meaning the computer cannot currently communicate with the printer.

Also searched as: offline printer

The part of a printer that holds paper ready for printing.

Also searched as: paper cassette

A sample page used to check printer communication and output.

Also searched as: test print

A browser mode that avoids saving normal local history after the private window is closed; it does not make activity anonymous online.

Also searched as: incognito mode

An address used only inside a private network.

Also searched as: local IP, internal IP

An account with powerful access that requires stronger protection and monitoring.

Also searched as: elevated account

A measurement of how quickly a processor cycles, usually shown in gigahertz.

Also searched as: CPU speed, GHz

One processing unit inside a CPU; several cores can work on different tasks at the same time.

Also searched as: CPU core

A code used to prove that certain software is licensed.

Also searched as: licence key, activation key

A rectangular area on a computer screen where an app, file or message is displayed.

Also searched as: window, application window

A service interruption affecting an internet provider's customers.

Also searched as: ISP outage

A server that sends network requests on behalf of another device or user.

Also searched as: proxy

An internet-facing address assigned to a connection or service.

Also searched as: external IP, internet IP

A code supplied by a mobile provider to unlock a SIM after too many incorrect PIN attempts.

Also searched as: Personal Unblocking Key

A message sent by an app or service to a device, even when the app is not open.

Also searched as: app notification

A square barcode that a phone camera can scan to open information such as a website or contact details.

Also searched as: quick response code

A camera feature or app used to open information encoded in a QR code.

Also searched as: scan QR

Phishing that uses a QR code to send a person to a fake or harmful destination.

Also searched as: quishing

Network settings that prioritise selected traffic, such as voice or video.

Also searched as: QoS

A smaller Windows update containing security fixes and reliability improvements.

Also searched as: monthly Windows update

A shorter scan that checks the most common locations for active threats.

Also searched as: quick scan

Android and Windows technology for sending files to nearby compatible devices.

Also searched as: Nearby Share

A removable circuit board containing working memory for a computer.

Also searched as: memory stick, DIMM

A motherboard socket where a RAM module is installed.

Also searched as: memory slot, DIMM slot

Malware that locks or encrypts files and demands payment.

Also searched as: locked files ransom

A file that can be viewed but is protected from normal changes.

Also searched as: read only

A request to prove identity again before a sensitive action.

Also searched as: verify again, sign in again

A backup code used to regain access to an account when another sign-in method is unavailable.

Also searched as: backup code

An alternate email address used to verify identity or recover an account.

Also searched as: backup email

An approved way to regain access, such as a recovery email, phone number or security key.

Also searched as: account recovery option

A phone number used to receive account recovery codes or alerts.

Also searched as: backup phone, recovery mobile

The maximum acceptable amount of recent data that could be lost, measured in time.

Also searched as: RPO

The target maximum time for restoring a service after disruption.

Also searched as: RTO

The Windows location where deleted files are temporarily kept before permanent removal.

Also searched as: trash

A previously used device that has been inspected, repaired or prepared for resale.

Also searched as: refurbished computer

A Windows tool used to view and change Registry settings; incorrect changes can stop Windows working properly.

Also searched as: regedit

A way for someone to view or control a computer from another location.

Also searched as: remote connection

A way to view and control another computer's desktop over a network.

Also searched as: RDP session, remote desktop connection

Microsoft's protocol for remote desktop connections.

Also searched as: RDP

Technical assistance provided by securely viewing or controlling a device from another location with permission.

Also searched as: remote help

A scam where someone persuades a victim to install software that gives the scammer control of a device.

Also searched as: remote support scam

Software that allows one device to view or control another device from a different location.

Also searched as: remote-control software

Replying to the sender and every recipient included in the original message.

Also searched as: reply to everyone

Australia's online service for reporting cybercrime.

Also searched as: Australian cybercrime report

The time taken to complete or resolve a support issue.

Also searched as: time to resolve

A layout that adjusts to different screen sizes.

Also searched as: mobile responsive

Turning a device off and back on through its normal restart option.

Also searched as: reboot

Returning a deleted file from the Recycle Bin or Trash to a normal folder.

Also searched as: recover from Recycle Bin

A saved Windows system state that may allow certain settings and system files to be rolled back.

Also searched as: Windows restore point

A website file containing crawl instructions for search-engine robots.

Also searched as: robots file

A scam where someone builds an online relationship to gain money or information.

Also searched as: dating scam

Malware designed to hide itself or other malicious activity deep inside a system.

Also searched as: rootkit malware

The device that shares the internet connection with computers, phones and other devices, usually through Wi-Fi.

Also searched as: wifi router

A limited startup mode that loads only essential software to help diagnose a problem.

Also searched as: diagnostic startup

A solid-state drive using the older SATA storage connection.

Also searched as: SATA SSD

Internet delivered through a satellite connection.

Also searched as: NBN satellite, Sky Muster

A dishonest attempt to steal money, information or account access.

Also searched as: fraud

Language designed to make a person act quickly before checking whether a message is genuine.

Also searched as: pressure tactic

The Australian Government service providing scam information and reporting guidance.

Also searched as: Australian Scamwatch

The amount of detail captured during scanning.

Also searched as: scanner DPI

A printer or scanner feature that sends a scanned document through email.

Also searched as: email scan

A printer or scanner feature that saves a scan to a computer or network folder.

Also searched as: network scan

A device or printer feature that turns paper documents or photos into digital files.

Also searched as: scan document

A document describing what work is included, excluded and expected to be delivered.

Also searched as: SOW

Protection that requires a PIN, password or biometric check before a device can be used.

Also searched as: device lock

How many times per second a screen updates its image.

Also searched as: Hz, display refresh rate

The number of pixels used to create the image on a screen.

Also searched as: display resolution

Features that report or limit how long apps and devices are used.

Also searched as: digital wellbeing

A picture of what is currently displayed on a screen.

Also searched as: screen capture, screen image

A removable memory card commonly used in cameras and some computers.

Also searched as: Secure Digital card

A service used to find information and websites, such as Google or Bing.

Also searched as: google search, bing

Improving a website so search engines can understand it and users can find useful pages.

Also searched as: SEO

An encrypted method used mainly to control servers and network devices through text commands.

Also searched as: SSH

An older name and predecessor to TLS; the term is still commonly used for website certificates.

Also searched as: SSL

An incident where security controls are bypassed or unauthorised access occurs.

Also searched as: cyber breach

Code or a technique that takes advantage of a vulnerability.

Also searched as: exploit

A safe file or activity incorrectly identified as dangerous.

Also searched as: false detection

An event that may threaten the confidentiality, integrity or availability of systems or data.

Also searched as: cyber incident

A record of security-related events, sign-ins or system activity.

Also searched as: event log, audit trail

A protected location where security software isolates a suspicious file so it cannot run normally.

Also searched as: antivirus quarantine

A question previously used to help verify account ownership; it is less secure than modern recovery methods.

Also searched as: secret question

A check of files, settings or systems for known threats or weaknesses.

Also searched as: malware scan

An update intended to fix known security weaknesses.

Also searched as: security patch

A weakness that could be used to compromise a device, app or service.

Also searched as: security weakness

Personal or confidential information that could cause harm if exposed.

Also searched as: sensitive data

The email folder containing messages that have been sent.

Also searched as: sent items

A network protocol commonly used by Windows for shared files and printers.

Also searched as: SMB

A broader support function that manages incidents, requests and IT services.

Also searched as: IT service desk

Information showing whether an internet or online service is working normally.

Also searched as: outage status

An agreement describing expected service levels such as response times and availability.

Also searched as: SLA

A cookie intended to last only for the current browser session.

Also searched as: temporary cookie

An automatic sign-out after a period of inactivity or after a security limit is reached.

Also searched as: automatic sign-out

A device connected to a television for broadcast, subscription or streaming services.

Also searched as: TV box

The options used to control how a device, app or account works.

Also searched as: preferences

The main modern Windows app for changing system, account, network and privacy settings.

Also searched as: Windows Settings

Storage that several approved people can access, usually through a business network or cloud service.

Also searched as: team shared drive

A folder configured so approved people or devices can access it over a network.

Also searched as: network folder

A mailbox that several authorised people can read and send from.

Also searched as: team mailbox

To turn a device off using its normal power menu.

Also searched as: power off

Entering your account details so a device or service knows who you are.

Also searched as: log in, login

An account action that ends active sign-ins on other devices or browsers.

Also searched as: log out everywhere, sign out everywhere

Information used to prove identity, such as a password, passkey or security key.

Also searched as: credential, login detail

The period during which an account remains signed in to a device, app or website.

Also searched as: login session, session

A measure of how strongly a wireless device can receive Wi-Fi, mobile or Bluetooth signals.

Also searched as: wifi bars, reception

A removable card that identifies a mobile service to a phone or mobile device.

Also searched as: subscriber identity module

A system that lets one approved account sign in to several connected services.

Also searched as: SSO

A home using network-connected devices such as lights, cameras, speakers or thermostats.

Also searched as: connected home

A network-connected speaker with a built-in voice assistant.

Also searched as: voice speaker

A television that can connect to the internet and run apps such as streaming services.

Also searched as: internet tv

A mobile phone that runs apps and connects to internet services.

Also searched as: mobile phone

A wearable device that runs apps and connects to a phone or network.

Also searched as: smart watch

Phishing delivered by text message.

Also searched as: SMS phishing, text-message phishing

The standard system used by email services to send outgoing messages.

Also searched as: outgoing mail server

A Windows tool for taking screenshots of all or part of the screen.

Also searched as: screen snip

Manipulating a person into giving access, information or money.

Also searched as: human manipulation attack

Programs, apps and instructions that run on a device.

Also searched as: programs

The process of confirming that a software licence is valid for a device or account.

Also searched as: Windows activation, activate software

Software accessed as an online subscription rather than managed entirely on a local computer.

Also searched as: SaaS

A hidden or unauthorised way to bypass normal access controls.

Also searched as: backdoor access

Installing or releasing software to one or more devices or users.

Also searched as: deploy software

Returning to an older software or operating-system version.

Also searched as: roll back version

The process of copying and configuring software so it can run on a device.

Also searched as: install program

Permission to use software under specified conditions, often for a set number of users or devices.

Also searched as: software licence, license

A small update that fixes a bug, security problem or compatibility issue.

Also searched as: patch

Ongoing access to software or services in return for recurring payment.

Also searched as: subscription service

The process of removing an installed app and its main files.

Also searched as: remove program, uninstall app

Moving to a newer major version of software or an operating system.

Also searched as: upgrade version

A storage drive that uses flash memory and has no moving parts.

Also searched as: SSD

Unwanted bulk messages, usually email or text messages.

Also searched as: spam message, unwanted email

A phishing attempt tailored to a particular person or organisation.

Also searched as: targeted phishing

A DNS record listing which systems are allowed to send email for a domain.

Also searched as: Sender Policy Framework

Software designed to secretly collect information about a device or its user.

Also searched as: monitoring malware

An encrypted file-transfer method that uses SSH.

Also searched as: SFTP

The technical name for the Wi-Fi network name shown when choosing a wireless network.

Also searched as: wifi name, network name

A documented step-by-step process for carrying out a routine task.

Also searched as: SOP

A Windows printer connection configured using the printer's IP address.

Also searched as: TCP IP printer port

A user account that can use normal apps but cannot make every system-level change.

Also searched as: standard account, limited account

The Windows menu used to open apps, settings and power options.

Also searched as: Windows Start

An app set to open automatically when the computer starts or a user signs in.

Also searched as: startup program

A Windows recovery tool that attempts to fix problems preventing Windows from starting.

Also searched as: automatic repair

An IP address intended to remain the same.

Also searched as: fixed IP

The total amount of data a storage device can hold.

Also searched as: drive size, disk capacity

Hardware used to keep files, apps and the operating system when power is off.

Also searched as: disk drive, internal drive

A setting controlling whether an app can access files or media on a device.

Also searched as: files permission

A usable storage area that may be a full drive or a partition.

Also searched as: volume

A device such as a Chromecast, Apple TV or Fire TV that plays online video or audio on a television.

Also searched as: tv streaming box

A small device that plugs into a television to run streaming apps.

Also searched as: TV streaming stick

A name placed before a main domain to identify a separate section or service.

Also searched as: website subdomain

A value that shows which part of an IPv4 address identifies the network.

Also searched as: network mask

The time taken before a support request receives an initial response.

Also searched as: first response time

A recorded request for assistance or service.

Also searched as: IT ticket, helpdesk ticket

A power board designed to reduce damage from short voltage spikes.

Also searched as: surge board

A link that may lead to a fake, harmful or unexpected website.

Also searched as: unsafe link

A sign-in that looks unusual because of its location, device or behaviour.

Also searched as: unusual login, unknown sign-in

Keeping the same information updated across devices or online services.

Also searched as: synchronise

Switching to a backup system or connection when the primary one fails.

Also searched as: automatic failover

A Windows tool that checks protected system files and replaces damaged copies when possible.

Also searched as: SFC, sfc scannow

A backup containing an operating system, apps, settings and files in a restorable image.

Also searched as: disk image backup

Moving data, users or services from one system to another.

Also searched as: migration

A Windows feature that returns system files and settings to an earlier restore point without normally deleting personal files.

Also searched as: restore Windows settings

The area near the clock that shows background apps and system icons in Windows.

Also searched as: notification area

A portable touchscreen computer larger than most phones.

Also searched as: tablet

A Windows tool for viewing running apps, performance and startup items.

Also searched as: Windows Task Manager

The bar on Windows that shows the Start button, open programs, clock and system icons.

Also searched as: windows bar

An online meeting held through Microsoft Teams.

Also searched as: Microsoft Teams meeting

A legitimate remote-support app sometimes misused by scammers.

Also searched as: TeamViewer remote access

A scammer pretends to be technical support and claims a device or account has a problem.

Also searched as: Microsoft scam call, computer support scam

A review of current equipment, software and needs to identify practical options.

Also searched as: IT assessment

A small controlled trial before a wider rollout.

Also searched as: pilot

A planned release of equipment, software or changes to users.

Also searched as: roll out

A company that sells or supplies a technology product or service.

Also searched as: vendor

About one trillion bytes, commonly used for large drives and backups.

Also searched as: TB

An app used to enter text commands for an operating system or remote computer.

Also searched as: command terminal

A file containing unformatted text.

Also searched as: TXT, plain text file

A heat-conducting material placed between a chip and heat sink.

Also searched as: thermal compound

A cookie set by a domain other than the website currently being viewed.

Also searched as: tracking cookie

A high-speed connection that can carry data, video and power through compatible USB-C-shaped ports.

Also searched as: Thunderbolt port

A fake message claiming an unpaid toll and linking to a fraudulent payment page.

Also searched as: road toll text scam

Powder used by laser printers instead of liquid ink.

Also searched as: printer toner

Apple's fingerprint system used to unlock a device and approve actions.

Also searched as: Apple fingerprint sign-in

A screen that detects finger or stylus input.

Also searched as: touch display

A tiny web resource used to record that a page or email was loaded.

Also searched as: web beacon

A touch-sensitive pointing surface built into many laptops.

Also searched as: touchpad

A network protocol that checks delivery and order of data.

Also searched as: TCP

The current security protocol used to encrypt many internet connections.

Also searched as: TLS

The email folder containing deleted messages before permanent removal.

Also searched as: deleted items

Malware disguised as a useful or legitimate file or program.

Also searched as: Trojan horse

An extra sign-in check, such as a code or app approval, used in addition to a password.

Also searched as: 2FA, two factor authentication, two-step verification, two step verification

Modern motherboard firmware that starts hardware and the operating system.

Also searched as: Unified Extensible Firmware Interface

A numbered Ethernet port on some NBN connection boxes used for internet service.

Also searched as: NBN data port

To remove a program or app from a device.

Also searched as: remove app

A battery device that provides temporary power during an outage and can protect equipment from power problems.

Also searched as: UPS, battery backup

A simple network switch that works without configuration.

Also searched as: unmanaged switch

A newer version or change that can fix problems, improve security or add features.

Also searched as: software update

Reversing an update to restore the previous version.

Also searched as: roll back update

To send a file or information from your device to a website, cloud service or another system.

Also searched as: send file online

How quickly data travels from a device to the internet.

Also searched as: internet upload rate

The full address of a webpage or online file.

Also searched as: web address, website link

A service that turns a long web address into a short link, which can hide the final destination.

Also searched as: short link

A common cable and socket type used to connect devices or storage drives.

Also searched as: usb port, usb cable

A small removable storage device that plugs into a USB port.

Also searched as: USB stick, thumb drive

A device that turns one USB port into several ports.

Also searched as: USB splitter

A printer connected directly to a computer by USB cable.

Also searched as: wired printer

The common rectangular USB plug used on many computers and accessories.

Also searched as: standard USB

A small reversible USB connector used by many newer phones, tablets, computers and chargers.

Also searched as: type c, usb type c

A profile that stores a person's sign-in details, settings and permissions on a device or service.

Also searched as: account profile

A fast network protocol that sends data without confirming every packet.

Also searched as: UDP

The buttons, menus, windows and controls a person uses to interact with software.

Also searched as: UI

A software subscription or permission assigned to one person or account.

Also searched as: seat, software user

The personal settings, desktop, files and preferences connected to a user account.

Also searched as: profile folder

Teaching people how to use systems, apps or security practices.

Also searched as: technology training

The name, email address or identifier used to sign in to an account.

Also searched as: login name

Extra information added to a URL to identify advertising or marketing traffic.

Also searched as: campaign tracking code

A short code sent by text, email or an app to confirm a sign-in or action.

Also searched as: security code, login code

Saved earlier versions of a file that can be viewed or restored.

Also searched as: file history, previous versions

A logical network separation created on managed networking equipment.

Also searched as: VLAN

A software-based computer running inside a physical computer or cloud platform.

Also searched as: VM

Storage space temporarily used when physical RAM is running low.

Also searched as: swap memory

Phishing or fraud carried out through phone calls or voice messages.

Also searched as: voice phishing, phone phishing

Software that responds to spoken commands or questions.

Also searched as: digital assistant

A virtual private network that creates an encrypted connection between your device and a VPN service or workplace network.

Also searched as: virtual private network

An encrypted network path created by a VPN between devices or networks.

Also searched as: encrypted tunnel

An audio format that often stores sound with little or no compression.

Also searched as: wave audio

Data about website visits and user actions.

Also searched as: website analytics

Software or a computer that responds to requests for website pages and files.

Also searched as: website server

A camera used with a computer for video calls, recording or online meetings.

Also searched as: computer camera

Email opened through a website in a browser rather than a separate email app.

Also searched as: email website

A single page or document viewed on a website.

Also searched as: web page

A collection of related webpages available under an internet address.

Also searched as: site

A stored copy of website content used to load pages faster.

Also searched as: cached webpage

The main starting page of a website.

Also searched as: home page

A service that stores website files and makes them available on the internet.

Also searched as: web hosting

Information in a webpage's code describing the page to browsers, search engines or social platforms.

Also searched as: meta data

A wireless way for nearby devices to connect to a router or network.

Also searched as: wifi, wireless internet

A Wi-Fi generation based mainly on the 5 GHz band.

Also searched as: 802.11ac

A Wi-Fi generation designed to improve speed and performance when many devices are connected.

Also searched as: 802.11ax

Wi-Fi 6 extended to use the 6 GHz band on compatible devices.

Also searched as: 6E WiFi

A newer Wi-Fi generation designed for very high speed, low delay and improved multi-band use.

Also searched as: 802.11be

Hardware that lets a device connect to Wi-Fi.

Also searched as: wireless adapter, wireless card

A radio-frequency range used by Wi-Fi, such as 2.4, 5 or 6 gigahertz.

Also searched as: wireless band

A numbered radio channel used by a Wi-Fi network within a frequency band.

Also searched as: wireless channel

An area with little or no usable Wi-Fi coverage.

Also searched as: no signal area

The password required to connect a device to a protected wireless network.

Also searched as: wireless password, network key

A router feature that connects devices using a button or PIN instead of typing the Wi-Fi password.

Also searched as: WPS

A device intended to extend Wi-Fi coverage, usually by retransmitting the existing network.

Also searched as: WiFi extender

A device that receives and retransmits an existing Wi-Fi signal.

Also searched as: wireless repeater

A device moving between access points while trying to stay connected to the same network.

Also searched as: wireless roaming

A network connecting locations over a large geographic area, often through an internet provider.

Also searched as: WAN

Windows sign-in using a PIN, face recognition or fingerprint stored for that device.

Also searched as: Hello PIN, Windows biometric sign-in

A file on a drive that Windows uses as virtual memory.

Also searched as: pagefile, swap file

A set of repair tools that can start when Windows cannot load normally.

Also searched as: WinRE, recovery environment

A database that stores many Windows and app settings.

Also searched as: registry

A background Windows component that performs system or app tasks.

Also searched as: service

The Windows feature that downloads security fixes, improvements and some device drivers.

Also searched as: windows updates

A device that creates or extends Wi-Fi access to a wired network.

Also searched as: access point, AP

Radio signals or physical conditions that reduce wireless performance.

Also searched as: Wi-Fi interference

A local network that uses Wi-Fi instead of only cables.

Also searched as: WLAN

A printer that can connect through Wi-Fi instead of requiring a USB cable for every device.

Also searched as: wifi printer

A document file commonly created by Microsoft Word.

Also searched as: DOCX, doc file

A record describing work to be completed, assigned and tracked.

Also searched as: job order

A powerful computer designed for demanding professional software and workloads.

Also searched as: workstation PC

Security standards used to protect Wi-Fi networks. WPA3 is newer, while WPA2 is still widely supported.

Also searched as: wifi security

A Windows printer connection method that automatically discovers compatible network printers.

Also searched as: Web Services for Devices port

A file listing important website URLs for search engines.

Also searched as: sitemap.xml

A security approach that verifies access continuously instead of automatically trusting a device or location.

Also searched as: zero trust security

A newly discovered security weakness for which a fix may not yet be available.

Also searched as: zero day

A compressed container that holds one or more files or folders.

Also searched as: zip file, compressed folder